When a TBI occurs, excitation (glutamate) and inhibition (GABA) are imbalanced, leading to a glutamate storm. Balancing these two neurotransmitters is essential for maintaining normal neurological function. GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter and works by inhibiting chemical messages from transmitting from brain cell to brain cell.
Nearly all brain cells use it to exchange messages. Glutamate is an amino acid and is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter used for relaying messages from nerves to muscles. There are two primary neurotransmitters in the brain that providers talk about in relation to TBIs and neuro breath: Glutamate and GABA. There is not anything that can be done to remove the smell.” He was able to explain that the smell is due to glutamate that is released by the death of brain cells. "I asked the neurosurgeon why the patient's with traumatic brain injury tend to have a specific smell on their breath regardless of bathing, oral care, etc. It's the same smell regardless of any demographic and it tends to come on around day two or three and gets worse after a day or two.” "In my experience the odor coming off of neuro patients smells the same across the board. Nurses working in any Neuro ICU seem to have very similar descriptions of the odor that these patients produce: Healthcare providers have described neuro breath as a foul breath odor unique to patients in the Neuro ICU who have experienced brain damage via a TBI or some other type of brain injury, despite exceptional and adequate oral care for the patient.
This phenomenon is neuro breath, and the condition's causes go deeper than many might think.
A healthcare phenomenon that many have never heard of or discussed is plaguing Neuro Intensive Care Units and units treating patients with traumatic brain injuries or TBIs.
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